Three layers of tissue make up the skin:
Epidermis, the top layer.
Dermis, the middle layer.
Hypodermis, the bottom or fatty layer.
What does the #epidermis (top layer of skin) do?
Acts as a protective barrier: The epidermis keeps bacteria and germs from entering your body and bloodstream and causing infections.
Makes new skin: The epidermis continually makes new skin cells. These new cells replace the approximately 40,000 old skin cells that your body sheds every day. You have new skin every 30 days.
Protects your body: Langerhans cells in the epidermis are part of the body's immune system. They help fight off germs and infections.
Provides skin color: The epidermis contains melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. The amount of melanin you have determines the color of your skin, hair and eyes. People who make more melanin have darker skin and may tan more quickly.
What does the dermis (middle layer of skin) do?
The dermis makes up 90% of skin’s thickness. This middle layer of skin:
Has #collagen and elastin: Collagen is a protein that makes skin cells strong and resilient. Another protein found in the #dermis, elastin, keeps skin flexible. It also helps stretched skin regain its shape.
What does the hypodermis (bottom layer of skin) do?
The bottom layer of skin, or hypodermis, is the fatty layer. The #hypodermis:
Cushions muscles and bones: Fat in the hypodermis protects muscles and bones from injuries when you fall or are in an accident.
Has connective tissue: This tissue connects layers of skin to muscles and bones.
Helps the nerves and blood vessels: Nerves and blood vessels in the dermis (middle layer) get larger in the hypodermis. These nerves and blood vessels branch out to connect the hypodermis to the rest of the body.
Regulates body temperature: Fat in the #hypodermis keeps you from getting too cold or hot.
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